Article critique Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critique - Article ExampleKey words suffer management, Hispanics, culture Estoy en un monton de dolor Experiencing Pain from a Hispanic Cancer Patients stance Though there are many another(prenominal) flaws in the healthcare system in the United Stated, for many migrants especially African Americans and Hispanics, the existence of such a system is a great blessing. Many get by for immigrant status and citizenship to enjoy the privileges of social healthcare. The United States is a country that stood for equality of rights for every man, no proposition the race, culture, or belief however, it is shocking and disappointing to find out that there are discrepancies in the smart management options given to migrant crabmeat patients especially with regards to Hispanic crabby person patients. I have know and seen a lot of people who had variant types of cancer in the course of my life and in the donnish degree that I chose. I have seen the tremendous amount of infliction they stimulate especially those in the late stages of the disease. The pain relievers prescribed to them helps in improving their quality of life but it is sad as yet just to imagine that there are countless others, who are in the socio-cultural as well as socioeconomic minority that are needlessly experiencing excruciating pain when they already have the access to befitting pain management options via the governments healthcare system. The study of Im, Guevara, and Chee (2007) gives us a glimpse of how pain is handled by Hispanics. It also gives insights to the different factors that contribute to the inadequacy of pain management interventions that Hispanic cancer patients receive. By examining their research in a qualitative way, we can get insight on the value of appreciation the sociocultural dimension of a cancer patients pain management, and thus help fit the disparities in treatment given to Hispanics and other migrants. This will allow us nurses to give quality patient care to all mankind, as is our sworn responsibility. I. Hispanic Cancer Patients Pain as Described in the Article Discussion and Critique As the authors examined the part that socio-cultural background plays in the love of pain in Hispanic cancer patients, I was given a clear representation of how the healthcare paradigm works in for the case of migrants. I appreciate the effort that they gave in representing the pain experience as personal as possible by quoting actual forum responses of the cancer patients. This painted a picture that gets the reader to easily empathize with the patient and allows the reader to view how hard it is for Hispanic cancer patients to endure everyday with the pain that they bear. Although they presented the testimonies of their respondents well, there are certain aspects of their methodology that can be alter to make the implications of the study have more weight. (1) The sampling method used was convenience sampling which automatically results in biased data. The title of the study indicates that the authors wanted to show insights for Hispanic cancer patients pain experience all over the United States however they did not get representative samples for different States which is indicative that the finding could not be generalized to bear implications to the whole of the United States and the whole healthcare

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Marketing - Essay ExampleThese impacts have proven to be found on the cost and availability of credit household budgets, mortgages, pensions, big and small company financing and other cerebrate funding issues (QFinance, 2010). Thus, the received trend is to pregnantly create a skillful fiscal market for banking and financial services that aim at stimulating market needs. However, it is not only one organisation that tries to prank or compete in this type of market. There ar many of them which eventually create private-enterprise(a) rivalry. According to Porter (1998 1984), there be new market entrants, supplier power, buyer power and yield and technology development that together create a certain force for competitive rivalry. This same scenario is sure part of the banking and financial market. In fact, this is visible because of the presence of some policies. For instance, economic policy measures are very important because they can essentially remove barriers to outside competition (Maudos and de Guevara, 2007). Building societies versus banks There are major(ip)(ip) differences between banks and building societies even though they both belong to one category of banking and financial market. These differences are tantamount to the level of advantages and disadvantages an individual can possibly get. According to Building Societies Association (2011), there are three major differences between banks and building societies. One of these major differences is the emphasis that the building societies are joint institutions. This gives certain rights and privileges to members who have savings account or mortgage to vote and acquire information. The second major difference is the fact that building societies are not companies which are successfully run by their shareholders. The good thing about this is that there are no external pressures from shareholders which normally on the point of exploit profits to pay away as dividends. Thus, this ensures opera ting the business at a lower cost, cheaper mortgages, and other better opportunities such as rates on savings compared to other competitors. Considering that there are distinguishable types of shareholders, it is important to understand that companies are always subject to different motives of shareholders in order for them to get substantial benefits to satisfy their needs. The third difference is in line with the limit of proportion of funds raise by building societies from wholesale money markets. This is a sort of giving much more security and in return it gives substantial opportunity for investors. Current Harpenden Building Society trends Based on its company website, the undermentioned are important information about Harpenden Building Society that can help trace its current trends (Harpenden Building Society, 2010). It can be noted that Harpenden is one of the active 52 UK building societies which primarily consists of 20,000 members with 25,000 accounts. Harpenden is am azingly having no borrowings on the money market. Starting in 2008, Harpendens deposits increased by over 11% and its mortgages increased by more than 9%. Not only that, Harpenden was highly commended for its mortgaged for SVR. From Best Childrens Account Provider, Harpenden won the Moneyfacts award. All of these only substantially illustrate the fact that the business for Harpenden is significantly increase to the fullest as it substantially targets the right segment, moves and

1.the emperor and the assassin 2.Hero Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

1.the emperor and the assassin 2.Hero - Thesis modelThe kings personality developed from his childhood when he was growing up.Chen Kaiges causa analysis can be extended to an analysis of the Chinese culture. The film has addressed many issues that follow Chinese culture up to date. It addresses issues such as the value of an individual in a passing populated country, issues of betrayals in politics, and assassinations.The film Hero offers a Taoist take on the first emperors rule. Taoism is the guiding principle of Chinese activities. The film combatant conveys Taoism by portraying the human demesne and natural world as one. By embracing the world, one sees only friends and not enemies. A Taoist faces anything without emotion. The film presents beautiful scenes and images in line with Taoist aesthetics. The images argon simple in color and the landscapes be mono colored. The swordsmen wear robes that have a color similar to the landscape. In the entire movie, there are no flow ers or delicate things as is expected in a royal palace. The king is the hero every dynasty represents earth, wood, metal, water, and fire (Li

Social Organization of Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

tender Organization of Religion - Essay ExampleWhat does it mean to be religious nowadays? Why do we need to go to church, or in what other ways is it possible to confirm ones aspiration to be a religious person? From the perspective of sociologists all answers to these questions can be make up in the ordinary behavior of the great unwashed in their daily lives. For example, it is ordinary for people to take in behaviors of others. Thus, they follow other peoples beliefs and religious is a favorable basis for unification of people. Moreover, it performs a pacifying run away in the society it instills hope in peoples hearts and exerts much more arrogant influence on individuals. Nevertheless, there are negative outcomes of religion, when people are involved in unlike sectarian developments or when they are ready to give all their capital to churches for charity. Religion has exceeded its limits as of a spiritual basis for peoples development. It turned into a global machine, whi ch requires peoples money for fake hopes and beliefs. A sociological root of religion is presented to people on TV or in the magazines, online or broadcast on radio. Still, no one knows where to find the truth and what is the real essence of the new religion.Group spirit of religion can be interpreted from the perspective of humanitys passion to be together with other people and follow a so-called spirit of herd. Sociological expectation of religion can clarify numerous aspects of this global phenomenon. For example, religion is often correlated with supernatural phenomena and people are often afraid of unknown. Thus, their belief in God is often considered to be a toilsome power, which helps them living their lives. Moreover, there is an evident blending of real phenomena and imaginative divinities. A real life of globe is compared with the lives in the Heaven or Hell. Social events and phenomena are correlated with religious practices and religious followers give voice their

Abraham Lincoln Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Abraham capital of Nebraska - Essay ExampleHad Abraham Lincoln died in the spring of 1860, he would today be a forgotten man it was his handling of the greatest crisis always faced by America that sparked the continuing interest in his life.Whatever made Lincolns life memorable occurred in the brief but eventful judgment of conviction between the summer of 1860 and the spring of 1865. With the possible exception of the depth of Confederate resolve, nothing shaped the Civil War more than the United States Constitution. (Neely, Mark E, younger The Last Best Hope of basis Abraham Lincoln and the Promise of America Harvard University crush out pp.91) The four-year presidential edge assured that Lincoln would be in office throughout the wars duration. The Constitution put the army and the navy in the hands of a determined Republican commander-in-chief. (Neely, Mark E, Jr. The Last Best Hope of Earth Abraham Lincoln and the Promise of America Harvard University Press pp.91-92).Little w onder, therefore, that Lincoln was the only United States President whose entire time in office was bounded by war. (McPherson, throng M. Abraham Lincoln A presidential life sentence Oxford University Press pp.5). His administration synchronized with the crisis created by South Carolinas blockade of Fort Sumter, and ended with his assassination quintet days after Lees surrender at Appomattox at his death, Confederate armies were still in the field. (McPherson, James M Abraham Lincoln A presidential Life Oxford University Press pp.5). ... dependence all they needed was to stand their territory the Union forces had to dislodge them while fighting through hostile countryside. (McPherson, James M Abraham Lincoln A presidential Life Oxford University Press pp. 15-16).The personnel disadvantage was that at the outbreak of hostilities, the military was irresistibly Southern, and three quarters of the officer corps were Democrats. And then, there was the question of competence when Linc oln assumed office, the general-in-chief was Winfield Scott, 75 years old, weighing over 300 pounds, suffering from edema and vertigo, and with a disconcerting propensity to overhaul asleep during meetings. (McPherson, James M Abraham Lincoln A presidential Life Oxford University Press pp.17-18). In the political realm, Lincoln was forced to deal with political appointee generals of limited military skills, chosen because their local adjacent enabled them to raise troops in the days before the Union instituted a draft. (McPherson, James M Abraham Lincoln A presidential Life Oxford University Press pp.18-19) Both political leaders and political press, especially the influential Horace Greeley of The New York Tribune, anticipated Lincolns every move, particularly on emancipation further, as Union losses surged, and Lincoln had to navigate a rising anti-war trend among Democrats sympathetic both to the South and to slavery, a movement that raised doubt about his prospects for re-el ection. (McPherson, James M Abraham Lincoln A presidential Life Oxford University Press pp.20-21) As chief executive director, Lincoln defined the nations war aims to preserve the Federal Union and the country as a republic based on majority rule he coined the term war powers to justify extra-constitutional executive

Scale Construction Evaluation Project and report Essay

shell Construction Evaluation Project and report - Essay ExampleA., & Lefcourt, H. M. ,1983 Miczo, N, 2004) It alleviates stress and can be resorted to in building stronger interpersonal relationships. Studies on humors implications on physical health have too been done and it shows that there is very little evidence of stress-moderating effects of humor on health-related outcomes, using quick self-report measures of sense of humor and life events measures of stress (Martin, 2001, conclusion, para. 13). However, it was also contended that certain types of humor may be useful with certain types of stress.Self-report measures of humor have been essential and used in studies on humor. The Situational Humor Response Questionnaire (SHRQ), (Martin & Lefcourt, 1984) measures respondents tip to which they smile and laugh in a wide variety of situations. The Coping Humor Scale (CHS), (Martin & Lefcourt, 1983), participants respect how they use humor as a coping strategy. The Sense of H umor Questionnaire (SHQ-6), (Svebak, 1996) evaluates different components of the humor serve up and the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (MSHS), (Thorson & Powell, 1993) investigates different humor behaviors such as humor public and humor appreciation.In 1999, Martin and associates (Phulik-Doris and Martin, 1999) developed a humor scale measuring four humor styles cordial humor (tendency to share humor with others to put them at ease and enhance relationships) Self-enhancing humor (tendency to maintain a humorous outlook on life even when not with others, to cope with stress or to protect oneself up) Self-defeating humor (tendency to amuse others by self-disparagement to hide ones true feelings from self and others) and hateful humor (tendency to use offensive humor to put down or manipulate others). This 60-item Likert-type format questionnaire has been developed and validated by Puhlik-Doris and Martin (1999) in a large Canadian sample. This original version of the Humo r Styles Questionnaire was

Students should identify a current issue in the Australian news media Essay

Students should identify a current issue in the Australian news media relating centrally to roughly aspect of Australian employment - Essay ExampleThe article is more(prenominal) vividly focussed on the status of children of Australia, who are ridden of maternal love and care due to the worn out employment sexual intercourse law of Australian government activity. The article shows that Australia lags behind some of the developing countries on employment relations issue, which is a shame on the countrys prestige. The article argues that the motherhood leave provision of the country is weak and this reflects on the health and wellbeing of Australian children. The reason has put down some major points in this article, which conveys the governments concern over the rights of women, and the health and wellbeing of the future generation. The article review The author has put great effort in the introductory part of the article, as it starts with the ill status of Australian mothers comparing to those of the other developed countries. This is an extremely attractive factor as it catches the mind of the readers, as they are interested in knowing the core issue of the article. This introductory part of the article is literally thinkable since the well acknowledged advocacy group is high let downing the fact. The author has taken interest in providing some statistical facts about other countries when in comparison with Australia, and the place of the latter in the mother might ranking. Here the two parties involved in the employment relation issue are the Australian government and female employees of the country. The article in the later part introduces facts delivered by the established organization Save the Children which adds to the scintillation and credibility of the article. The Save the Children organization argues that government is less responsible and has shown negligence in implementing right for women employees regarding maternity leave. The articl e claims that Australia provides only 18 weeks of maternity leave for women employees, which, when compared with other developed countries, is low. As per Leslie (2012), Probably angiotensin converting enzyme of the factors thats bringing us down the most is our paid parental leave scheme. Its recently introduced this year, 18 weeks at a flat rate, spokeswoman Nicole Cardinal said. Such quoting by the author in the article assures the readers that the information delivered is ideal and genuine. Apart from its strength, the article also has some obvious negative aspects which can be presented clearly. The main demerit of the article is that it is small and precise. The author has not put much effort to present more statistical facts about the pathetic state of women in Australia, who are denied maternity leave. The article, moreover, is not casting enough light upon the governments role in uplifting the employment rights of women in Australia. Here, in the article, the concentrati on is more on the arguments and suggestion of one organization which is the Save the Children group. This is disadvantageous as the readers must be granted a good chance to contemplate on the ideas and perception of other organizations and Government on this matter. hassle Solution and Recommendation The main problem focused here is the ignorance of Australian govern

Was Immigration Directly Influenced by Religion in American in the Essay

Was Immigration Directly Influenced by Religion in American in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s - Essay ExampleIt is pertinent to acknowledge that morality played a key role in the way hatful had to live in America after they had migrated there. Zollman nones that in order to feel secure the immigrants wanted to live in areas where the other people practiced the same faith. No one wanted to be alone because the immigrants were upstart in the country and as a result, they wanted to live in religious groups and this could only be achieved through religion. Although most immigrants moved to brisk countries to seek better economic opportunities, it is of equal importance to note that religious persecution makes people moving into sassy lands because they want to practice their faith unembellishedly. This is the reason why many Jews had to move from England to the U.S after they were expelled from their countries on the prat of their faith. When a group of people immigrates to a ne w country, they often settle in a group, which comprises of people from their own country. This means that the immigrants do not have a chance of learning the culture of the new country because they tend to practice their old traditions. This results in groups that are based on the same religion or ethnicity. Although many people left their countries for America because of religious persecution, it is of paramount importance to note that many others left for a diverse number of reasons. Yes response Religion and freedom play a decisive role in ensuring that people are free and they do not have to worry virtually what they do in their lives. However, in most countries, freedom to practice ones faith is not guaranteed and as a result, people find it hard to enjoy their beliefs. One ought to understand that in America, everyone is free to practice his or her religion. Between 1800 and early 1900s religious persecution was practiced heavily especially in Europe. This is the reason why many

Courseware Management System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Coursew ar Management System - Assignment vitrineThis project tends the college organisation pull in automatically using the machine. Their duration assumption and moreover loads of work are lessened as instead of searching paper to paper file to file searches are made automated. Similarly, manipulating data from one file to an opposite takes figure of speech of hours for only organizing the profile of one assimilator but now in the era of computers, using automated information system lessened the time in few minutes.Research for developing Information System is being held. The administrators, instructors and other staff talent were questioned and queried. The answers made us think in different strategies the college is working on or you can show number of processes being held. One of the major and most tiring jobs that is done manual is making naturally profile for separately student and maintaining its records. Few major laws of college while making a course calendar for students kept in mind are detailed.Different courses for professional field are taught in the college. though there are many different fields. For example BSCS, BBIT etc. For each filed there are number of different courses. Few courses are shared in the field of sciences.Going a bit in detail describes how each and every process works How the data is taken input and processed to other manipulations and evaluated till the end as a profile of the student Who uses it How it is used The following detail score from the research may reply to these questions.Higher administrative staff that has the knowledge of courses well owns this outline or calendar and decides for teaching the instructors who can best teach each course available in the premises. The administration decides which course is important to study first and which to later. And though they make a prerequisite Course outline. memory all the above points and pre-requisite list in mind, administrators sit and consult the cours es which are important to complete for the program. direct making an information system that automatically generates this outline it has to keep checking all the points. Information System must(prenominal)iness have in databaseList of programs offered in the college.List of courses to each program. (Note that each course is connected to a program that is while making a database course can be paired with the program)Number of units each course holds. (As this can be change later in years, so its better to hold it dynamically from database in code instead of hard-coding it and at time of maintenance opening each file to make the change in code.)Number of credit points each unit is of. (Similar to units this can vary in around later years.)Number of elective and core courses require to complete a program must alike be defined. (Like above two they can also vary in later years.)There must be a column to against each course that gives the

Sustainability in Armenia as an Ethnographic Problem Case Study

Sustainability in Armenia as an Ethnographic Problem - pillow slip Study ExampleCultures and the lifestyles that people in a location practice scarpers to sustainability issues. For instance, a normal environmentally conscious citizen of the United Kingdom leaves a carbon foot print of over 6 dozens of CO2 and an ecological footprint of 3.4 global hectares. This is the case with most of the western countries. The US for instance has a higher footprint on an average. This guides the usage of more fossil and non-renewable energy sources causing more of environmental problems (WWF 2004).Sustainability is not only scientific or engineering related it is also related to the cultural and honourable values of the community. Any community that does not have a t sackency to protect its own environment and is interested more in commercialization of its own resources would end up denuding the environment faster step-down sustainability.Sustainability reflects in many of the performance i ndexes of the estate. While the gross domestic product (GDP) of a boorish could indicate the amount of money the country has spend or has earned over the period in consideration, early(a) indexes take into consideration various parameters including the overall development of the country. Demographic and ethnographic factors hurt the performance of the country as a voter for sustained development. In the case of Armenia, it is bedded at 83rd position in 2005 with a Human Development exponent of 0.775. This has increased from 0.701 in 1995, according to UNDP (UNDP 2008). At the same time, the parting of people living below the national poverty line is well over 50%. This indicates that the wealthiness is not distributed uniformly across the population resulting in increased poverty at one end and extremely rich people at the other. This is one of the factors that will affect sustainable development in the Armenian Society.The Happy Planet Index is a mensurate of the long and b lissful lives people lead in that country or place. In the case of Armenia, it was found to be 36.1 out of 100 and the country was ranked at 130 out of 178 countries. This is a measure of the long lives people live and indicates how happy people are (nef 2006). As Aristotle says, the purpose of social living is to be happy. The same is supported by the US constitution when it says that every individual has the right to pursue his own happiness. This indicates that Armenia has a long focussing to go before it can turn into a happier place to lead human life. The Environmental Sustainability Index is produced out of 25 different factors in six policy categories. Multiple happenings in a country, including bighearted corporate and social projects, affect the performance of a country when this index is measured. The index is a measure of the environmental health, air and water pollution levels, Productive natural resources, Biodiversity and habitat and finally, climate change charact er by the country. Environmental sustainability is an important criterion while looking for sustainable development. In case of Armenia, the ESI released in 2005 ranked it at 44 (CIESIN 2005). With the changes made in the factors estimated, the Environmental Performance Index was produced in 2008 where Armenia was ranked at 62 a substantial loss of position. There had been a number of factors that affect the

14 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

14 - Coursework ExampleI personally think that this assumption is accurate that abuses ignore be controlled by monitoring the surroundings. it is different from the other techniques as it direct monitoring and coercive the surroundings. wad are be watched and actions are taken immediately by the concerning authorities.Environmental manipulation occurs when the surroundings of an person are used to prevent crimes. These include access control, surveillance, residential areas which include limiting the activities of pedestrians and other orthogonal people, use of close-circuit cameras, activity support and motivation reinforcement. Observing all the methods and techniques of environmental manipulation to control crime I personally think that use of close-circuit cameras would be much effective in crime controlling as such a technique would prevent from more crime and people would be mindful of the fact that they are being watched by the official authorities who are monitoring th eir actions. It would help in controlling drug related crimes more

Mexico, The Mexican Drug Cartel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mexico, The Mexican Drug Cartel - Research Paper ExampleThe official row of the country is Spanish and it is marked as the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world. Christianity is the trust that is practiced by most of the people in the country. The rate of exiguity is very high in the country and it was estimated that 44 percent of the people living in the country earned below the poverty line (Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs 2011). Most of the people in the country live in the urban areas and people leave the rural areas and move to the developed ones in search of better opportunities. Furthermore, many an separate(prenominal) people leave the country and move to the unify States for better earning opportunities. The country earns much of its income by displace oil to other countries as it is an oil producing country. Criminal activities are a reason of many problems in the country. The abduction rates in Mexico are marked to be very high in comparison to othe r countries across the globe. Strong do drugs trafficking organizations function in the country and they are responsible for the drug duty between South America and the linked States. Felipe Calderon was declared as the President of the country in the course of study 2006. He took strong steps for overcoming the issue of drug trafficking and his measures endure resulted in the death of 35000 people in the country since the initiation of his campaign against drugs (BBC 2012).Mexico is marked to be a country with a leading piece in the making of drugs as well serving as a route for the transportation of drugs. The study movement of drugs which include marijuana and methamphetamine in the United States is from Mexico. Ninety percent of the cocaine that reaches to the United States is through its movement via Mexico. ... The drug trafficking organizations are not only involved in the movement of drugs that at the same time, they are involved in kidnappings as well as murders. The drug cartels amaze gained a strong hold in the country during the last decade of the twentieth century. This mainly followed the deaths of Cali and Medellin cartels be to Colombia. The National Drug Intelligence Center has come out forward that the drug trade in the United States is now mainly dominated by the Mexican drug mafia. The Mexican drug cartels give up a strong stand and many government officials particularly those from the law enforcement agencies work in collaboration with them. This is owe to the bribes provided by the drug trafficking organizations. A campaign was initiated in the year 2006 by the President of Mexico against the drug cartels in nine states out of the total thirty two states in Mexico (Cook et al 2007). The Mexican government has put forward the fact that there are seven drug cartels working in the country. Gulf, Sinaloa and Juarez are the major(ip) drug trafficking groups and their presence is dominant in most parts of the country. Many dominant d rug trafficking organizations have started working together in Mexico. This has led to the formation of two major groups in the world of drug trafficking in Mexico. It has been indicated that this unity has mainly resulted due to the arrest of many leaders in these groups. Mexican cartels have also started to have a strong hold in the United States. They have done so via cultivating drugs on the land of the United States and by forming alliances with criminal groups in the United States. The purpose of this alliance is to nettle the

The Personalisation Agenda Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

The Personalisation Agenda - Dissertation ExampleIn the same year, a concordat was issued between central government, local government and the social care sector. The document is entitled putting People First A Shared Vision and Commitment to the Transformation of Adult Social sustainment (2007) and through it the idea of a personalised adult social care system was first introduced. The mean called for affording people maximum choice and control over the wellness care and services they receive. The plan dovetails a more broad-based government strategy that included the notion of place-shaping and other concepts contained in the local government fair paper Strong and Prosperous Communities (2006). In the 2008 Carers strategy, the New Deal has advanced the initiatives of integrated and personalised services. Carers called for learning of their work and expertise, better service coordination and information, improved collaboration between staff and agencies, and health and social care. The Carers Strategy was arrived at after a wide consultation and with the cooperation and agreement of various government departments. Many of the themes provide in recent developments in the personalisation agenda are not sore, having been contained in the community care reforms under the National Health Service and Community Care Act of 1990. These reforms aimed to develop a needs-led approach wherein new arrangements for assessment and health care management would include individuals receiving tailored packages of care rather than block-contracted services. The practical usefulness in the development of individual or personal budgets is the direct payments scheme, initially made available to incapacitate adults of working age, but since then has been extended to other groups. The success of the scheme covered some 54,000 individuals as of March 2007, including parents who cared for disabled children and young carers, who used direct payments. The use of direct payments actually came about as an initiative championed by disabled people. Among the driving forces behind direct payments were the service user movement, the mental health survivor movement, and the social precedent of disability, which originally took root in the 1970s when people first lobbied for change. throughout the development of personalisation, key concepts included independent living, participation, control, choice and empowerment. 2.2 The Social Model of Disability The social model of disability was developed in the 1970s by progressive members of the Union of the Physically Impaired Against sequestration (UPIAS), and given academic validity by the works of Finkelstein (1981), Barnes (1991) and Oliver (1996) (cited in Shakespeare & Watson, 2002). The model is now described as the ideological litmus test of disability politics in Britain (Shakespeare & Watson, 2002). It is relied upon when distinguishing among organisations, policies, legislations and concepts regarding the p rogressive view of disability. The core comment of the British social model was first articulated in the UPIAS document Fundamental Principles of Disability. An edited transformation that was reprinted in Oliver (1996) and Shakespeare and Watson (2002) is reproduced here, for purposes of elucidation, as follows In our view, it is society which disables physically impaired people. Disability is something imposed on fade of our

Fr Trd or Fir Trd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fr Trd or Fir Trd - Essay manakinAs the report declares CFT spcifis ruls for lngthy t riff phs-out schduls s wll s trnsitionl sfgurds nd triff rt quots (TRQs) for snsitiv goods. lthough mny goods would ttin immdit duty-fr trtmnt, othrs would hv triffs phsd out incrmntlly so tht duty-fr trtmnt is rchd in 5, 10, 15, or 20 yrs from th tim th grmnt tks ffct. Duty-fr trtmnt would b dlyd for th mor snsitiv products, nd in som css, th triff rductions would not bgin until 7 or 12 yrs into th grmnt. This paper stresses that CFT is controvrsil nd fcs politicl uncrtinty. Supportrs hop tht CFT cn b prt of policy foundtion supportiv of both improvd intrrgionl trd nd long-trm socil, politicl, nd conomic dvlopmnt. Concrns rmin, howvr, ovr th ngtiv ffcts on crtin sctors nd mploys of th U.S. conomy, nd tht blncd outcom my b difficult to chiv if th FT fils to ccommodt sufficintly th djustmnt costs lso fcing crtin Cntrl mricn workrs, smll frmrs, nd othr groups. Th history som CFT countris hv of poor lbor rights nforcmnt riss qustions ovr whthr th lbor provisions will dqutly promot socil dvlopmnt. For ll CFT countris, th constntly incrsing US forign dirct invstmnt nd ccss to US tchnology combind with th incrsd duty fr ccss to th US mrkt rprsnt significnt bnfits.

Development of Pad Conditioner Drop Detection System Dissertation

Development of Pad Conditioner swan Detection System - thesis ExampleThe project focuses on the design of a sensor system that can trigger hookup of copper on the pad or detect the optimal parameters of the CMP equipment. Contents Development of Pad Conditioner Drop Detection System 30 1 1.0 Introduction 5 1.1 Background information 5 1.2 argumentation of the problem 6 1.3 Statement of the problem 8 On 13h Dec 2010 PCUD712 went to check P2 trace and give Cu was not fully robed at wafer. This problem of having wafer edges that be not fully polished has caused the need for this project. No one did recognize the occurrence of the problem until one of the maintenance team did a random testing. Making CMP equipment that has a sensor can trigger any drop caused by the straw man of copper and call for a response from the team. 8 1.4 Project scope 8 1.5 Objective 9 1.6 Specific objectives 9 2.0 literature Review 10 2.1 Types of planarization 10 2.1.1 Doped Glass Reflow 10 2.1.2 turn of events etch planarization (SEP) 10 2.1.3 Spin on deposition (SOD) 11 SOP is mostly applied in deposits on different glasses, porous low-k dielectrics and polymer ILD. By mixing different base catalysts and suitable additives, a forerunner solution is prepared at room temperature. Pretreated wafer surface provides an effective surface for solution spreading. A petty(a) amount of the solution is dripped on the wafers that are then rinsed, spun dried baked and later cured. This process shows clarified gap filling qualities. Nevertheless, several defects are noted on the stagger in the deposited materials. When the materials from this process are exposed to plasma, they show non-homogeneity in subsequent operations. Undue stresses are induced by the tendency of the spin to absorb moisture from the air and releasing it with evolution of thermal stresses. The stresses result to cracking, peel off, shrinking, degradation and contaminant of interconnects and thermal instability. 11 2.1.4 Reactive ion etch and etch back 11 2.1.5 Chemical mechanical polish 12 Historically, grinding has always been an inexpensive operation compared to polishing. The level of polishing required nowadays in the IC fabrication can not be matched to these advantages (Yoshio, 2000). Unlike grinders, polishers use elastic media to sever bonds on a molecular level ejecting nanometer sized particles. The grinders use rigid media that create cracks through a work piece, the clusters are micron sized. Recent research has shown that the maximum force is a key covariant of sub surface damage (Chandra etal., 2000 p.81). CMP focuses on the insights accruing from the investigations on minimizing force/grit by applying knowledge of errant particles that plague polishing processes (Chandra & Bastawros, 2004 p.65). The process involves incorporating the wafer pattern into a gimbal and replacing the polishing pad with two diametrically opposing wheels. The trapped particles will induce a torque on one of the wheels thereby devising the gimbal rotate away from offending particle. Through optimization of the dynamics of the gimbals response to the acute forces resulting from the errant particles, a defect mitigating maximum-force minimization is realized at low cost. 15 2.2 IC interconnects 17 2.3 Photometric diffusion analyzer (PDA 2000) 19 To monitor properties of flowing suspension and emulsions, a PDA 2000 is used both in laboratories

Voluntary Active Euthanasia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Voluntary Active Euthanasia - Research Paper sample2). Which elements would proposed legislation need to possess in order to safely permit and suitably regulate VAE? It is blank to observe that the reluctance to legalize VAE is based primarily on fears of abuse (Keown, 2002, p. 74) combined with fears that terminally reverse patients would feel under pressure to agree to an assisted death (Smartt, 2009, p. 100). However, such apprehensions can be relieved and overcome by properly inditeed and implemented legislation which would precisely prevent abuse and strike an take into account balance between the proper(a) to action sentence and the right to die. The public perception of VAE is clear studies suggest that a huge majority of the public stands in favor of legalizing VAE, and those who were against it expressed the very aforementioned fears of abuse (Chapple et al, 2006). The legalization of euthanasia would have a difficult task ahead of it, but such legalization would non be impossible, and would also be beneficial to society as a whole. The law generally protects the familiarity of individuals in several areas of life, yet the ability to choose between autonomy and life when the two date is an issue that the law has been rather reluctant to delve into (Callahan and Keown, 1995, p. 208). Some question the point of the assessment of whether any(prenominal) have a more worthy life than others, thus rendering them with a greater right to life the issues rather turns on the fact that doctors have never been under a duty to refrain life at all costs (Keown, 2002, p. 58). There is an obvious stigma which is closely linked to allowing others to decree VAE, however. It is arguable that there can safely exist a social duty to end the imposition of a person who expressly declares a wish to end their life, and that this duty can override the fears and apprehensions of society as a whole (Hooker, 2002, p. 26). Very little evidence exists to provide f oundations for the argument that legalization of VAE would bit by bit be interpreted as a positive duty to end the life of suffering individuals in all cases its very restriction to voluntariness would overcome such fears. Some argue that the value of human life cannot be overridden by any conflicting theory, thus rendering VAE morally incorrect because the sanctity of life should never be actively legislated against (Keown, 1997, pp. 482-484). Such arguments approach the issue of VAE on simplistic notions of good versus detrimental, and this is not a realistic approach it is suggested that ethics should be approached as a science allowing notions of good and bad to be balanced against one another in specific situations. This would enable the argument surrounding VAE to overlook irrelevant and frustratingly complex analyses of morality and enable legal drafters to approach the issue on an objective level. The around potent arguments against VAE are based on the assumption that s uch a law would be utilise equally to all individuals, resulting in the requirement that terminally ill individuals have their life prematurely taken. This is expound by Laing as a situation in which disability may be ruthlessly eliminated and round perceived form of perfection imposed (1997, p. 4). This argument is however unrealistic. It would be extremely easy to draft the law in a manner that would expressly forbid the extension of VAE to involuntary euthanasia. Careful drafting could safely ensure that it would not be mandatory for every terminally

Manila Motor Company Essay Example for Free

capital of the Philippines Motor family EssayIn May 1954, Manila Motor Company filed in the Municipal Court of Manila a complaint to recover from Manuel T. Flores the amount of P1,047.98 as chattel mortgage installments which fell due in September 1941. Defendant pleaded prescriptionchanroblesvirtuallawlibrary 1941 to 1954. The complaint was dismissed. On appeal, the Court of First Instance saw differently, sustaining complainants contention that the moratorium laws had interrupted the running of the prescriptive period, and that deducting the time during which said laws were in operation lead years and eight months 1 the ten-year term had not yet elapsed when complainant sued for collection in May 1954. Wherefore said court ordered the return of the case to the municipal judge for streamlet on the merits. Defendant appealed.IssueWhether or not the moratorium laws did not have the effect of suspending the period of limitations, because they were unconstitutional, as declar ed by this court in Rutter vs. Esteban, 49 Off.HeldIn Montilla vs. Pacific Commercial SC held that the moratorium laws suspend the period of prescription. That was rendered after the Rutter-Esteban decision. It should be stated however, in fairness to Appellant, that the Montilla decision came down after he had submitted his brief. And in answer to his main contention, the following portion is quoted from a resolution of this Court. Rutter vs. Esteban (93 Phil., 68) may be construed to stiff that at the time of the decision the Moratorium law could no longer be validly applied because of the dominate circumstances. At any rate, although the general rule is that an unconstitutional legislative actconfers no right, creates no office, affords no bulwark and justifies no acts performed under it. (11 Am. Jur., pp. 828, 829.) There are several instances wherein courts, out of equity, have relaxed its operation (cf. notes in Cooleys Constitutional Limitations 8th ed., p. 383 and Notes 5 3 A. L. R., 273) or qualified its effects since the actual existence of a statute prior to such declaration is an operative fact, and may have consequences which cannot justly be ignored (Chicot County vs. Baster, 308 U. S., 371) and a realistic approach is eroding the general doctrine (Warring vs. Colpoys, 136 Am. Law Rep., 1025, 1030). Judgment affirmed, without costs.

Presentation in History of the English Language Essay Example for Free

Presentation in History of the position Language EssayWhen perusing the development of English as a oral communication, it can be argued that premature modern English is possibly the most vital point of reference. This period brings with it a richness in material that provided clues as to how the dialect developed phonetically and geographically from its root as a secondary, regional talking to in an range dominated somewhat by the French language, and largely by Latin. Although the amount of operational information isnt enough to paint a sufficient scenario of the linguistic lay of the land at the time, these materials are a great help in discerning the stages of development of the English language. During the latter age of transition from centre English, the language was mostly spread ab step up in regions. This period is . . . notoriously known as the time when linguistic variation is fully reflected in the written mode . . . (Nevalainen 13). Due to the heavy prese nce of French and Latin as the predominant vernaculars, nerve center English didnt have enough room to develop as a real language and was limited to regional variants that were shaped by the grammar rules of the more prominent languages at the time.This was, mostly, due to the lack of standardized spelling it was difficult to come up with a fixed found of grammar rules if the people didnt have any idea of how to spell the words to be used in each situation. This changed during the sixteenth century. With the shift to early modern English came the streamlined version of the language, thanks to study standardizations in the way words were spelled by dint ofout various regions. But you cant ever suit rid of local variations in language, and the early form of modern English is no antithetical.Most of the available materials from the period concern themselves mostly with grammar reforms and the instruction of the language. The most curious thing about these documents is that desp ite transaction with a language that was gaining more and more popularity as a serious vernacular, the method of instruction was inactive largely conducted in Latin. This proved to be difficult in unifying the language since the two tongues were different from each other both grammatically and in inflection.Alexander Gil wrote Logonomia Anglica in 1619 as an attempt to sop up the chief variants of English according to region. These are the general, northern, southern, eastern, western and poetic variants. Interestingly, these are the same regional distinctions of middle English, save for the unifying general vernacular that could be similar to what we call standard English. The weakness in Gils study is his partiality to the northern style although this feature gives us an outstanding view of how the word structure of early modern English developed.His renditions of spelling and pronouncing some words are indicative of the Germanic roots of English, including the use of /v/ for / f/ (the representative given by Nevalainen is vill for fill). Another method of dialectal separationism was recorded by George Puttenham in The Arte of English Poesie (1589). Here, Puttenham gives us a view of how early middle English was segregated according to social standing, and was focused mostly on improving the aesthetic appeal of the language by identifying the speech of the court and the aristocrats as well-sounding and favorable, as opposed to the speech of a craftsman, or that of the thieves (thieves cant).Still, the dominant tongue at the time remained to be Latin, and it was in Latin that the English grammar was taught and written. This was to accommodate foreigners who wished to learn English these people learned English via the structure of Latin, whereas locals who already practiced English learned Latin through the structure of their mother tongue.The effect of Latin in the grammar manuals during the first part of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were likel y the use of Latin categories, or at least a system derived from Latin, to describe English grammar left wing out a chunk of what formed the structural core of English, and while the regional dialects flourished, very elfin attention was given to them and the focus of learning instead went to the General dialect, which would eventually go on to get the basis for the structure of the language today.A lot of the development that transformed the English language occurred at this time. In Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), William Bullokar gives us insight to the transformation of the personal noun ye into modern-day you. He also tell the possible conversion of the suffix eth (e. g. loveth) into the more economical s pronounced with a /z/-like crescendo. The latter, incidentally, is an example of northern dialect curiosities that made it to the general dialect.The continuous development and popularity of English as a language both written and spoken led to the precursors of modern-day ne wspapers. Newsletters by eminent individuals were handwritten and sent out as manuscript circulations back in 1620 as a means of spreading important information around. A fair example is the Newdigate Newsletters that were addressed to Sir Richard Newdigate of Warwickshire from the Secretary of States office. A selection of the newsletters would go as followsThe King of Poland appetencying a nearer Correspondence with this Crowne then has been formerly and haveing sent Over to desire his Maty to be godfather to his Daughter, his Maty was preparing to send an Envoy ExtraOrdnary thither to stand for him, when the last post brought news ye young Princess was dead. (21) This selection, in its original form, contains plenty of scripting nuances of the period such as superscripts for the abbreviations and resembled, in all intents and purposes, formal letters of the period.In closing, it is worth to note that while the instruction and growth of English as a language during the early m odern period isnt as clear as wed like it to be, there really is no denying that this period yielded a huge wealth of material to study. Thanks to works like Gils Bullokars and the missives to sir Newdigate, we can continue to study and piece together the broken pieces of the puzzle of how todays universal language evolved into what it is. WORKS CITED Nevalainen, Terttu. Introduction to Early Modern English, An. USA Oxford University Press, 2006. 12-27

Nutrition - Obesity Essay Example for Free

Nutrition Obesity seekObjective To assess the association amidst the consumption of degraded victuals (FF) and body mass world power (BMI) of teen growrs in a large UK get cohort. Methods A structural equation clay sculptureling (SEM) approach was elect to allow direct statistical testing of a theoretical example. SEM is a combination of confirmatory agentive role and path analysis, which allows for the inclusion of latent (unmeasured) variables. This approach was use to body-build two models the effect of FF outlet visits and viands choices and the effect of FF moving picture on consumption and BMI. Results A fundamental of 3620 participants had entropy for elevation and weighting unit from the age 13 clinic and the absolute frequency of FF outlet visits, and so were included in these analyses. This SEM model of intellectual nourishment choices showed that adjustment magnitude frequency of tuckering at FF outlets is positively associated with high consum ption of membrane-forming pabulums (b ? 0. 29, Po0. 001) and negatively associated with the consumption of water-loving foods (b ? A1. 02, Po0. 001). The SEM model of FF movie and BMI showed that high exposure to FF increases the frequency of visits to FF outlets (b ? 0. 61, Po0.001), which is associated with higher body mass world power standard di mutant score (BMISDS b ? 0. 08, Po0. 001).Deprivation was the largest contri thating variable to the exposure (b ? 9. 2, Po0. 001). Conclusions The teens who ate at FF restaurants consumed much membrane-forming foods and were much(prenominal)(prenominal) than likely to stool higher BMISDS than those striplings who did non eat a great deal at FF restaurants. Teenagers who were exposed to more takeaway foods at position ate more denouncely at FF restaurants and eating at FF restaurants was likewise associated with lower intakes of vegetables and huffy fruit in this cohort. transnational ledger of Obesity (2011) 35, 13251330 doi10. 1038/ijo. 2011. 120 create online 28 June 2011 Keywords fast food all overweight ALSPAC Introduction Childhood obesity prevalence countenance move dramatically in the last 30 social classs in the Western world with the most late(a) figures for England and Wales show that 17% of boys and 16% of girls be obese. 1 An increase in the availability of calorie indistinct foods is implicated as hotshot of the factors in the aetiology of the obesity epidemic. turbulent food (FF) is one scratch of the food market that has grown steadily over the last few decades and it was worth d8.9 trillion in the get together Kingdom in 2005. 2 FF is typically quick, convenient, cheap and Correspondence Dr LK Fraser, School of Geography, University of Leeds, University road, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. e-mail l. k. emailprotected ac. uk Received 6 February 2011 revised 21 April 2011 accepted 12 May 2011 published online 28 June 2011 logical in its production,3 but FF is very much hig h in saturated fats, energy dense and has low micronutrient content. 49 Studies from the United States of America have shown that children who consume FF (when compared with children who do not eat FF) have higher energy intake and higher fat intakes9,10 as well as lower vegetable and take out intake.10,11 Therefore, the consumption of such foods could possibly result in a positive energy balance and hence, weight gain. There is some evidence from longitudinal studies in the United States of America that consuming FF as a teenager can result in weight gain in both wee12 and middle adulthood. 13 FF is often marketed to children and adolescents through television, internet and movie advertising,1417 with brand recognition being present from an primeval age. 18 The addition of toys as gifts with FF meals in addition attracts children.There is growing body of literature that has assessed the location of FF outlets and has ground that theatres of higher deprivation Fast food and bo dy mass indicant LK Fraser et al 1326 have more FF outlets1921 and that FF outlets are often located close to schools. 2224 The majority of look to picture has been undertaken in the United States of America, but a drive that analysed the fat content of a FF meal in McDonalds and Kentucky Fried Chicken outlets in 35 countries showed that the amount of fat varied considerably surrounded by countries, within the same FF outlet.25 This means that results from studies in the United States of America whitethorn not be generalisable to other(a) countries. This news report aims to assess the cross-sectional association between the consumption of FF and the body mass index (BMI) of teenagers in a large UK birth cohort. Methods The info for this study were obtained from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC),26 which is a birth cohort study where pregnant mothers who lived in the onetime(a) Avon County in the United Kingdom (the Bristol region) were recruited i n the early 1990s. A total of 14 541 mothers unblemished recruitment.Because of retrospective recruitment the total sampling size was 15 224 fetuses and 14 610 live births. This paper presents data on the teenagers who attended the year 13 clinic and completed the year 13 questionnaire. Variables The food frequency data were collected from the questionnaires completed by mother (or carer) and separate questionnaires completed by the teenagers themselves at age 13 years. The data used from the carer questionnaire (collected at the same time point) referred to the questions How often does s/he eat in a FF restaurant?The responses to this question were collected as never/rarely, once a month, once every 2 weeks, once or twice per week, 34 times a week, 5 or more times a week. The carers were likewise asked In total, how legion(predicate) portions of vegetables does s/he eat in a week (do not include potatoes), In total, how many portions of raw fruit does s/he eat in a week? The se were free mathematical responses, which were retained as a continuous variable for analyses.In the food frequency part of the teenager completed questionnaire the teenagers were asked If you ever buy food yourself from outside school, or from school vending machines, how often do you buy and eat each of the following things (include after school and weekends) chips, burger, pizza, sandwich, pies or pasties, chocolate, crisps, fruit and other food. The height and weight data were collected at clinic visits at B13 years. The exact age, sex, height and weight were used to prefigure a BMI standard going away score (BMISDS) for each participant (1990 UK reference dataset). 27 The teenagers International Journal of Obesity were classified as obese if their BMISDS was greater than the 95th percentile (BMISDS41. 64). The physical activity data were collected via accelerometry at the age 13 clinic visit.28 The participants wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive twenty-four hourss and the measure used from this is mean counts per handsome, which is a continuous variable. A deprivation score was assigned to each participant by matching the coordinates of their residential address (when carer questionnaire was completed) to the appropriate lower passing output area. Each lower super output area has an index of multiple deprivation score (Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 (IMD))29 assigned from the topical anaesthetic census data. This is a continuous variable in which a higher number indicates an area of higher deprivation.Ethnicity was assigned as per the childs ethnicity into a binary variable of white British and other ethnicity. Statistical modeling Descriptive statistics were performed in STATA version 10 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA). A structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was elect to allow direct statistical testing of a theoretical model. SEM has many benefits over traditional regression techniques, which include the ability to model equations simultaneously and the incorporation of latent variables. 30 SEM is a combination of confirmatory factor and path analysis, which allows for the inclusion of latent (unmeasured) variables.31 This approach was used to build two models the effect of FF outlet visits and food choices and the effect of FF exposure on consumption and BMI. The SEM analyses were undertaken in AMOS version 17. 0 (IBM SPSS, USA). The hypothesised model for food choices is shown in the results section ( common fig tree 2). The observed variables are displayed as boxes and latent variables as circles. Each observed variable has an associated random error term and each latent variable has an associated hitch term, which represents the variance in the latent variable that has not been explained by the observed variables associated with that latent variable. degeneration paths are shown by singleheaded arrows and covariances by double-headed curved arrows. The model fit was assessed by two indic es the comparative fit index (CFI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The CFI is a comparison of the hypothesised model compared with an independence model where all parameters are assumed to be independent. The RMSEA gives an indication of how well would the model, with unknown but optimally chosen values, fit the population covariance matrix if it were available.32 A combination of CFI40. 95 and a RMSEA of o0. 50 is a sign of good model fit. The w2-test of overall fit is very sensitive to large sample size so has not been used in these models. 30 The two models were constructed a priori using preliminary research. The nutritional content of chips, burgers, pizza and Fast food and body mass index LK Fraser et al 1327 pies are known to be high in saturated fat and energy and therefore are arthritic,49,33 whereas fruit and vegetables are known to contain fibre and vitamins and so are classified as well-grounded.Exposure to FF outlets is known to be higher in areas of higher deprivation. 1921 In the food choices model, unhealthy consumption (latent variable) was modelled from the frequency of consumption of chips, burger, pizza and pies (reported by the teenagers themselves), and the healthy consumption was modelled from the number of pieces of vegetables and raw fruit consumed by the teenager (maternal report). The number of times that the teenager visited a FF outlet (maternal report) was regressed on the unhealthy and healthy consumption variables. The model for the effect of FF exposure on consumption and BMISDS is shown in Figure 3.hither exposure is a latent variable modelled from maternal and paternal takeaway frequency and deprivation score. The exposure is regressed on the number of visits to FF outlet. The BMISDS at age 13 years is the main outcome of this model. Ethical approving for the study was obtained from the ALSPAC Law and Ethics Committee and the local research ethics committees. Results A total of 3620 participants h ave data for height and weight from the age 13 clinic and the frequency of FF outlet visits, and were included in these analyses (SEM cannot use individuals with missing data). A total of 1711 (47. 3%) were boys and 456 (12.6%) obese.The descriptive statistics are shown in Table 1. Frequency of visit FF outlets and food consumption frequencies are shown in Figure 1. The results of model 1 are shown in Figure 2 with regression weights shown in Table 2. This model showed that increase frequency of eating at FF outlets was positively associated with higher consumption of unhealthy foods (b ? 0. 29, Po0. 001) and negatively associated with the consumption of healthy foods (b ? A1. 02, Po0. 001). The CFI for model 1 was 0. 98 and the RMSEA was 0. 05 (90% trustingness interval 0. 044, 0. 058). These represent good approximate model fit. Table 1.The results of model 2 are shown in Figure 3 with regression weight shown in Table 3. This model showed that increased exposure to FF increased t he frequency of visits to FF outlets (b ? 0. 61, Po0. 001), which in turn was associated with higher BMISDS (b ? 0. 08, Po0. 001). Deprivation was the largest contributing variable to the exposure (b ? 9. 2, Po0. 001). The CFI for model 2 was 0. 98, and the RMSEA was 0. 021 (90% confidence interval 0. 009, 0. 033). These represent very good approximate model fit. Discussion This study shows that teenagers who are exposed to more unhealthy foods at home are more likely to eat at FF restaurants and have a higher BMISDS.The negative association of increased visits to FF outlets on consumption of healthy foods (fruit and vegetables) has also been demonstrated. The FF restaurant use in this analysis was reported by the mother or main carer of the teenager and showed that nearly 60% of all the teenagers ate at a FF restaurant at least once a month. This appears to be little(prenominal) frequently than in the United States of America, where studies showed that 60% of older children and ad olescents ate FF more than once per week34 and that B30% of children ate at a FF restaurant on any typical day. 9.As one part of the SEM this study showed that eating at a FF outlet was associated with a higher BMISDS. There were no previous UK studies to compare these results with, but previous studies from the United States of America have not found coherent results. Boutelle et al. 11 found no association between frequency of FF consumption and adolescent BMI or weight status, and an Australian study Descriptive statistics Mean BMISDS Deprivation (IMD 2007)29 Physical activity (c. p. m. ) Raw fruit (portions per week) Vegetables (portions per week) s. d. median value IQR 0. 29 13. 7 541 9. 5 9. 5 1. 14 11. 4 190 7 7 0. 024 10. 6 511 8 8 A0. 47, 1. 06 5.9, 17. 0 404, 653 5, 14 5, 12 Abbreviations BMISDS, body mass index standard deviation score for age and sex c. p. m. , cycles per minute IMD 2007, Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 IQR, interquartile range. Figure 1 fooding f requency data. International Journal of Obesity Fast food and body mass index LK Fraser et al 1328 Figure 2 Results of SEM model of food choices. Table 2 Results of SEM model of food choices Regression weights a Unhealthyfast food wellnessyfast food Chipsunhealthy Burgerunhealthy Fruithealthy Vegetableshealthy Pizzaunhealthy Piesunhealthy Estimate s. e. CR P 0. 285 A1. 023 1. 000 0. 732 1. 000 1. 157 0. 774 0.530 0. 021 0. 124 13. 439 A8. 274 o0. 001 o0. 001 0. 016 45. 243 o0. 001 0. 148 0. 018 0. 016 7. 802 42. 483 32. 720 o0. 001 o0. 001 o0. 001 Abbreviations CR, critical ratio SEM, structural equation modeling. aAll consumption variables units never/rarely, once a month, once every 2 weeks, once or twice per week, 34 times a week, 5 or more times a week. showed that FF eaten at home (but not away from home) was associated with higher BMI in adolescents (MacFarlane).Two longitudinal studies using data from the CARDIA study found that higher FF intake in adolescence was associated with higher BMI in young adulthood12 and those who ate FF more than twice a week had put on an extra 4. 5 kg of weight 15 years later. 13 The teenagers who ate more frequently at FF restaurants were more likely to eat less fruit and vegetables, as well as consume more unhealthy foods (chips, burger, pizza, pies) than those teenagers who ate at FF restaurants less frequently.This is an indication that the consumption of unhealthy foods may displace healthy food choices. This is similar to previous research in the United States of America, International Journal of Obesity which showed that children who ate FF consumed 45 g less vegetables per day than children who did not eat FF.10 At age 13 years the food frequency data were a combination of maternal and self-report from the teenagers, but the total macro- and micronutrient values could not be assessed in this study as these data were not yet available at the time of writing. Deprivation was the largest contributor to the FF exposure variable. This could be explained by the fact that those of higher deprivation eat more FF because of the relative cheapness of FF. It has also been shown in many studies in the United Kingdom and the United States of America that areas of higher deprivation have more FF outlets than more affluent areas therefore, FF is more readily available.35 An interesting economics paper from the United States of America showed that increasing the cost of FF by $1 could decrease BMI by 0. 78 units. 36 The increased consumption of unhealthy foods (chips, burger, pizzas and pies) by those teenagers who ate more frequently at FF outlets was not surprising, but the associated negative effect of the consumption of fruit and vegetables by these participants is important. These teenagers will not only be consuming more of the saturated fat and salt from the burgers, and so on, but at the same time they are not consuming important nutrients from fruit and vegetables.Although many FF outlets now prolo ng more healthy choices such as fruit and vegetables, the consumers may still be choosing the unhealthy foods. Fast food and body mass index LK Fraser et al 1329 The FF question completed by the carer did not specify what constituted FF so some respondents may only count large franchises as FF whereas others may use a broader definition that includes independent takeaways. Although the frequency of eating at a FF restaurant was asked, the carers were not asked about the food eaten from these establishments and many FF restaurants now offer more healthy alternatives.Although the majority of FF items do not meet the Food Standards Agency nutrient standards for total fat, saturated fat, sugar and atomic number 11 there are wide variations in similar products from different FF outlets with sodium content varying by up to four times in fried chicken products. 37 Therefore, having data on which food items were consumed from which FF outlet would further enhance future studies. There was no information on why the teenagers ate at FF restaurants, and key questions for the future include was there no alternative eating establishments in their neighbourhood?Did they prefer FF to other meals or was the cost of food important? Conclusions This study has shown that the teenagers who ate at FF restaurants consumed more unhealthy foods and were more likely to have higher BMISDS than those teenagers who did not eat frequently at FF restaurants. Teenagers who were exposed to more takeaway foods at home ate more frequently at FF restaurants. Eating at FF restaurants was also associated with lower intakes of vegetables and raw fruit in this cohort. Figure 3 The SEM model of FF exposure and BMI. Table 3 Results of SEM model of FF exposure and body mass index Regression weights Fast food exposure.Maternal fast foodexposure Deprivationexposure Paternal fast foodexposure BMISDSfast food BMISDSc. p. m. a Estimate s. e. CR 0. 61 1. 000 9. 20 0. 66 0. 08 0. 00 0. 07 8. 654 1. 07 0. 08 0. 02 0. 00 8. 605 8. 680 3. 586 A3. 351 P o0. 001 o0. 001 o0. 001 o0. 001 o0. 001 Abbreviations BMISDS, body mass index standard deviation score for age and sex c. p. m. , cycles per minute CR, critical ratio FF, fast food IMD 2007, Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 SEM, structural equation modeling. a All consumption variables units never/rarely, once a month, once every 2 weeks, once or twice per week, 34 times a week, 5 or more times a week.Strengths/limitations This is a large dataset with good-quality height and weight data taken at clinic visits by trained faculty using validated equipment. There were food consumption data about the teenagers available from both the teenagers and their carers, but this is a cross-sectional study so causation cannot be implied from this data. As expected in a longitudinal study there is attrition and the subcohort used in this study may not be truly representative of the whole cohort. Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Acknowledgements.We are super grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting and the whole ALSPAC team, which include interviewers, computer and research lab technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. The UK Medical Research Council (grant ref 74882), The Wellcome Trust (grant ref 076467) and the University of Bristol provide core computer backup for ALSPAC. LKF was funded by ESRC/MRC studentship.References 1 Craig RS. Health survey for England 2007, 2008. Available from http//www. natcen. ac. uk/study/health-survey-for-england-2007. 2 Keynote.UK fast food and home delivery outlets, 2006. International Journal of Obesity Fast food and body mass index LK Fraser et al 1330 3 DeMaria AN. Of fast food and franchises. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 41 12271228. 4 Astrup A. Super-sized and diabetic by frequent fast-food consumption? fishgig 2005 365 45. 5 Brown K, McIlveen H , Strugnell C. unripened consumers and the hospitality spectrum. Appetite 1998 31 403. 6 Harnack LJ, French SA, Oakes JM, Story MT, Jeffery RW, Rydell SA. Effects of calorie labeling and value size pricing on fast food meal choices results from an experimental trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2008 5 63.7 Lewis LB, Sloane DC, Nascimento LM, Diamant AL, Guinyard JJ, Yancey AK et al. African Americans access to healthy food options in South Los Angeles restaurants. Am J ordinary Health 2005 95 668673. 8 Paeratakul S, Ferdinand DP, Champagne CM, Ryan DH, moil GA. Fast-food consumption among US adults and children dietary and nutrient intake profile. J Am Diet Assoc 2003 103 13321338. 9 Schmidt M, Affenito SG, Striegel-Moore R, Khoury PR, Barton B, Crawford P et al. Fast-food intake and diet quality in black and white girls the national heart, lung, and blood institute result and health study.Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005 159 626631. 10 Bowman SA, Gortmaker SL, Ebbeling CB, Pereira M A, Ludwig DS. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics 2004 113 112118. 11 Boutelle KN, Fulkerson JA, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, French SA. Fast food for family meals relationships with parent and adolescent food intake, home food availability and weight status. Public Health Nutr 2007 10 1623. 12 Duffey KJ, Gordon-Larsen P, Jacobs DR, Williams OD, Popkin BM.Differential associations of fast food and restaurant food consumption with 3-y change in body mass index the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2007 85 201208. 13 Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, Van Horn L, Slattery M, Jacobs DR et al. Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the CARDIA study) 15-year prospective analysis. Lancet 2005 365 3642. 14 Sutherland LA, MacKenzie T, Purvis LA, Dalton M.Prevalence of food and beverage brands in movies 19962005. Pediatrics 2010 125 468474. 15 Powe ll LM, Szczypka G, Chaloupka FJ. Trends in exposure to television food advertisements among children and adolescents in the United States.Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2010 164 794802. 16 Hillier A, Cole BL, Smith TE, Yancey AK, Williams JD, Grier SA et al. foregather of unhealthy outdoor advertisements around child-serving institutions a comparison of three cities. Health Place 2009 15 935945. 17 Lingas EO, Dorfman L, Bukofzer E. Nutrition content of food and beverage products on Web sites popular with children. Am J Public Health 2009 99(Suppl 3) S587S592. 18 Robinson TN, Borzekowski DLG, Matheson DM, Kraemer HC. Effects of fast food branding on young childrens apprehension preferences. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007 161 792797. International Journal of Obesity.19 Cummins SCJ, McKay L, MacIntyre S. McDonalds restaurants and neighborhood deprivation in Scotland and England. Am J Prev Med 2005 29 308310. 20 Fraser LK, Edwards KL. The association between the geography of fast food outlet s and childhood obesity rank in Leeds, UK. Health Place 2010 16 11241128. 21 Macdonald L, Cummins S, Macintyre S. Neighbourhood fast food environment and area deprivation-substitution or concentration? Appetite 2007 49 251254. 22 Neckerman KM, Bader MDM, Richards CA, Purciel M, Quinn JW, Thomas JS et al. Disparities in the food environments of New York urban center public schools. A J Prev Med 2010 39 195202.23 Davis B, Carpenter C. Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools and adolescent obesity. Am J Public Health 2009 99 505510. 24 Seliske LM, Pickett W, Boyce WF, Janssen I. Density and type of food retailers surrounding Canadian schools variations crosswise socioeconomic status. Health Place 2009 15 903907. 25 Stender S, Dyerberg J, Astrup A. Fast food unfriendly and unhealthy. Int J Obes 2007 31 887890. 26 Golding J, Pembrey M, Jones R, Team AS. ALSPAC-The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children I. Study methodology. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2001 15 7487. 27 Co le TJ, freewoman JV, Preece MA.Body-mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch DisChild 1995 73 2529. 28 Riddoch CJ, Leary SD, Ness AR, Blair SN, Deere K, Mattocks C et al. Prospective associations between objective measures of physical activity and fat mass in 1214 year old children the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Br Med J 2009 339 b4544. 29 Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 (IMD 2007). 30 Kline R (ed) Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. The Guildford Press New York, 2005. 31 Tomarken AJ, Waller NG. Structural equation modeling strengths, limitations, and misconceptions. Annu rev Clinic.Psychol 2005 1 3165. 32 Byrne BM (ed). Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS. Lawrence Erbaum Associates London, 2001. 33 Astrup A, Dyerberg J, Selleck M, Stender S. Nutrition transition and its relationship to the development of obesity and related chronic diseases. Obes Rev 2008 9 4852. 34 Taveras EM, Berkey CS, Rifas-Shiman SL, Ludwig DS, Rockett HRH, work AE et al. Association of consumption of fried food away from home with body mass index and diet quality in older children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2005 116 E518E524. 35 Fraser LK, Edwards KL, Cade J, Clarke GP. The geography of fast food outlets a review.Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010 7 22902308. 36 Powell LM. Fast food costs and adolescent body mass index evidence from panel data. J Health Econ 2009 28 963970. 37 Dunford E, Webster J, Barzi F, Neal B. nourishing content of products served by leading Australian fast food chains. Appetite 2010 55 484489. Copyright of International Journal of Obesity is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holders express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.

Population & The Environment Essay Example for Free

nation The Environment EssayDiscussions regarding the environmental impact of increasing creation densities across the globe never get their currency. From Thomas Malthus to Paul R. Erlich and onwards, at that devote is a persistent pertain that a growing international creation may not only reach a tipping point in which the planets readiness to provide for it is stretched to its limit, but begin to experience detrimental effects in the form of environmental problems.This concern is not simply a matter of numbers, but a matter of how industrial civilizations have systematically failed to curtail anthropogenic impacts. As Donella Meadows (199) opines, not only are there so many much of us, but each of us is bigger when one measures the cadence of energy and material we use and the tot up of pollutants and waste created by the industries we have created to support our energy and material use. In effect, The number of people is not what degrades the earth its the numb er of people times the flow of energy and material each person commands. ace of the most frequently cited means by which highly dense populations negatively impact the environment is finished intense car use. Alex Steffen (2008) notes that intensive car use within a finite geographic district is not only a extensive contributor to greenhouse emissions that are warming the planet, but they in addition command a large amount of resource use through the inputs necessary to maintain pathway infrastructure, build the actual cars and fuel them.Granted, the resource consumption and greenhouse emissions caused directly by private political machine ownership is absolutely no surprise to anyone, but the less obvious implication that Steffen reports is that exhaust emissions are only a fraction of the environmental impact of the automobile. Over the course of the mid-20th century onwards, the increasing protrusion of the automobile as part of modern living has necessitated the construc tion of massive highway infrastructure.The result is that when you part dense populations with intense private ownership and use of automobiles is that not only is there a massive amount of greenhouse emissions, but the amount of pavement this infrastructure commands can contribute significantly to the warmheartedness island effect which has become a concern among urban planners as of late. Heat islands not only sugar the amount of energy expended on indoor air conditioning, but they can worsen air quality. (Steffen, 2008)As such, Steffen argues that no matter the great lengths that todays automobile manufacturers go to in order to shake their automobiles into shiny fuel-efficient emissions-reduced green things to sate the eco-minded consumer, it will not be enough to remediate environmental impacts brought about by car use. Take for example the push towards biofuels, which is essentially, a push for auto manufacturers, in coaction with energy companies, to make automobiles t hat run on renewable agricultural products that emit a reduced amount of greenhouse gases.While there is much fuss in the mainstream press about the extent to which the biofuel effort is cannibalizing the pabulum supply, a more overlooked concern is the manner in which the expansion of industrial land to such a massive scale negatively impacts the environment. Simply put, the principal concern is not the mightiness of agriculture to feed populations, but rather how the expansion of the food supply, combined with the accommodations made for biofuels, has a deleterious effect on the environment.Manning (85-89) notes that the homogenous and unsustainable approach of industrialized corn-based agriculture is detrimental to the health of the soil. As such, there is a possibility that the massive conversion of lands towards the production of corn could recreate the conditions of The Great Dust Bowl, a period in the American heartland which saw hundreds of thousands of would-be wheat f armers plow the soil to death to profit from golden grain.Thus, as civilizations increase in population density, so too do their demands in food and automobile use, effectively exerting a greater toll on the planets natural environment. In any case, we must be mindful to remember that the problems inherent with a massive human population should not lead us to conclude that humans have no ecologically acceptable place in the planet. Humanity is not a virus on the operating system of the planet. Rather, what human ball club should begin to acknowledge is that it must begin to take a more comprehensive look at its impacts in order to correct them thoroughly.REFERENCESMeadows, Donella. The Deep Six. Grist. 12 October 1999. Retrieved online on March 14, 2009 from http//www. grist. org/comments/citizen/1999/10/12/ fat/index. html Steffen, Alex. My Other Car is a Bright Green City. Worldchanging. 23 January 2008. Retrieved online on March 14, 2009 from http//www. worldchanging. com/ mem oir/007800. html Manning, Richard. Against the Grain How Agriculture Has Hijacked Civilization. New York North Point Press, 2004.

HCS 483 Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Essay Example for Free

HCS 483 Clinician Provider drift Entry Implementation screenClinician Provider Order Entry Implementation health Care Information SystemsHCS 483September 02, 2013Clinician Provider Order Entry ImplementationImplementation Processwellness care organizations look forward when starting the effectuation process for reading dodging capital punishment. Adding or upgrading health care systems is met with excitement and opposition from the employees who must utilize the system and adapt their current practice processes. Constructing a rollout period for the employees to train and get specific training for their job requirements is imperative to the success of the health system slaying. Employees knowledge of how to use the system is equally most-valuable to the implementation process as choosing and designing the program that is best for the organization. Roles and responsibilitiesThe show or system back is someone in the organization who is vested in the completion of the c alculate. The champions role is to help guard the buy-in of other physicians into the use of the refreshful system and makes sure the physicians who allow for be using the system form adequate excitant in the selection process of how the recent system will be used. The identity card of conductors is the governing entity for the health care organization that approves the acquisition and implementation of a tender system. The board of directors role is to have a voice for the organization. Going forward the board needs to be involved in how the new system will affect the processes of the primary users and help curtail the expenses that break in as the scheme evolves.The suffer coach-and-four is the person accountable for the successful implementation of the new information system. He or she is the person who provides the day-to-day direction rateting, conflict resolution, and communication call for by the project team(Wager, Lee, Glaser, Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). The pro ject manager is responsible for the team of engineersinstalling and testing the information system. The project manager is responsible for relaying the progress of the project back to the board of directors.This includes the good, and the bad as outlined in the object lesson study of Memorial wellness System in which Dr. Melvin Sparks yelled at Sally Martin over self-colored incr easings in work force, cost, and condemnation increases. Sally Martin resolved not to share any bad countersign or setbacks with Dr. Sparks again creating a false sense of understanding of where the project was in the stages of completion. The original perform of Dr. Sparks started a domino effect toward the failure of the project. Fundamental ActivitiesInformation Technology (IT) is responsible for the long and uninteresting process of installing, changing, removing, testing, and correcting the chosen information system for the health care organization. IT must have a absolute plan in place for the mise en scene of the projected project. Organizing, identifying the project champion, determining the projects surface and expectations, and establishing and implementing the project plan are the steps in the IT implementation process. Creating detailed project guidelines for cost, number of employees needed to complete the implementation and project completion dates of the different phases to help complete the goals set forth by the health care organization. Fundamental activities that led to the project failure were lack of organization, system analysis, and employee workflow. The project was set to a rushed timeline that did not permit for proper organization for the intricate details of implementing a new information system.Doing the system analysis in six months and making a choice without direct input from the employees who would be using the system on a daily basis was part of the project failure. Employee workflow is a vital portion of the selection process of a new syste m in a health care organization. One of the first activities necessary in implementing any new system is to canvas and evaluate the existing workflow or business processes(Wager, Lee, Glaser, Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). If the process is too complicated or cumbersome, the work force will fight back and reject the new system. In the case study of Memorial Health System although intentions were good for the implementation of a clinician provider order entry (CPOE) system by Fred arid and Joe Roberts the process was rushed and not properly laid out with realistic goals in place. IT wasnot presumption adequate time to organize, plan, or determine the scope for the steps they would need to make to implement the new CPOE. CommunicationDr. Melvin Sparks was a fundamental player in the project failure at Memorial Health System. Probably without direct knowledge of his actions, Dr. Sparks started a domino effect that ultimately led to many of the project failures with implementing the CPOE system. The initial communication between Dr. Sparks and his appointed project manager, Sally Martin, set the communication barrier of relaying time delays, lack of workforce, and budget increases that snowballed into the failure of the CPOE implementation. be sick FailureProject failure in the Memorial Health System case study was evident from the root of the project. The idea was solid, but the planning was not thorough. tail fin indicators that the project would fail are lack of clarity of purpose that happens when the objectives of the project are unclear. Lack of persuasion in the project happens when the key users are not convinced the system will ease their workload. shy(predicate) leadership support happens when the lack of commitment shows through the lack of involvement by the leaders spearheading the implementation process. Organizational inertia happens when project work is added on top of the daily workload adding stress to the employees. Project complexity is multif old and is a direct effect of when the people working on the project do not have an understanding of the scope of the project. Minimize Project FailureMemorial Health Systems could have taken different steps to eliminate or minimize the effects of the project failure on the new CPOE system. This Student would have acted differently to minimize the effects for a different outcome on the implementation process for the new CPOE system. Lack of clarity of purposeThis disciple would have communicated that the implementation of the new system will make the daily process of patient care is necessary so the providers and supporting provide understand that it will prepare for a better patient health record and reduce errors in orders. Lack of belief in theprojectThis student would have communicated an understanding that the new CPOE system will create an efficient and useful electronic medical record. Therefore, easing the workload and minimizing errors in patient orders. This student wou ld have made continual updates and newsletters updating the providers and staff about improvements that they would be making in his or her patients care. Insufficient leadership supportThis student would have created a more evident and involved leadership team. This student would have created meetings and training involving both the leadership team and the providers to create a better understanding of how the implementation of the CPOE will help the quality of care given by the providers at Memorial Health System. Organizational inertiaThis student would have organized the workforce to help drastically reduce the amount of daily workloads to free up dedicated time for the CPOE implementation project. Working in stressful environments can create lack of forward motion on a project because of the added work. increase the workforce to distribute the workload will help in the project continuing to move forward. Project complexityThis student would have had a frank conversation with the contributing departments and stakeholders about the complexity and scope of the CPOE project. Communication would have included that additions to the project would increase the timeframe and cost of the project. When all entities understand the complexity of the project and that, there will be delays or setbacks in the implementation process this will help ease doubt during transitional times. ConclusionHaving a strong implementation plan and goals are imperative when beginning the process of adding or changing an information system. Health care is changing rapidly and implementing system qualifys takes time, spacious planning, and support. Ensuring that a strong foundation and understanding of the project is in place before implementing a systems change will help inthe success of the project.ReferencesWager, K. A., Lee, F. W., Glaser, J. P., Burns, L. R. (2009). Health Care Information Systems. A Practical shape up for Health Care Management, Second Edition. University Of Phoe nix. http//dx.doi.org/ 9780470387801

I have a dream Essay Example for Free

I afford a fantasy EssayI have a dream that one day we shall all live in a world with protrude bullies. No one to scare us, no one to tell us what to do and how to do it, but to lead our own lives in confidence, and being able to walk strong-mindedly through streets at night without tanging scared or jeopardise by others. Every day, children are too shake to go to school as they are being bullied. There are children coming home in tears as they are having such a bad time at school. And those are provided the children who do speak outMany children are too scared to even tell an great(p) that they are being bullied, as they fear that it will only get worse. Are you being bullied? train you ever had someone hit you, or make you feel threatened? Even name-calling is a song of bulling. If you are being bullied and have not told anyone, then now is the time to do so. Do it now, forwards it could get any worse. Why should you put up with it? Dont let them get away with it. A nd never feel like it is your own fault. Or maybe you are a bully? Are you? Ask yourself, have you ever picked on anyone for no reason at all.Maybe because they arent wearing the latest designer gear, or that they visualize different, talk differently or simply dont even listen to the same music as you? When people hear the word bullying, they automatically think of big, rough looking kids holding smaller children up by the scruffs of their necks and taking their dinner money. unless mental bullying is just the same, maybe worse even, than physical bullying. Even a dirty look at someone is a form of bullying. Whether its physical or mental bullying, they all affect the victim.Bullies dont realise just how much they stool effect someones flavor. They dont know the after-effects they can leave on their victims. Even name calling leaves scars inside. Victims of bullying often turn to drugs, turn anorexic, bulimia, and sometimes bully others to get over their trauma. In some sad ca ses, children sometimes take their own life to end the bullying But bullying doesnt just go on at school. Its happening to pedestrians on the street, adults at work, and to be honest really, anywhere that someone can be seen vulnerable to others.This morning I opened a newspaper, only to be confronted by headlines such as, Old Woman Mugged at Knife-point and immature girl stabbed for the sake of 20 pounds. It disgusts me to think that humans can act like this towards each other. But the thing that repulses me the most about such crimes is that it is so common. Killing someone for the sake of a a few(prenominal) pounds? Or a mobile phone? Too many incidents like these are occurring more often over the years and it looks like things are going to carry on like this if people dont look out for others and try to help those who are being bullied.So until people start to look out for others in the world, start to care about how they act towards others, and to basically appreciate other human beings as they themselves would like to be treated, my dream, that one-day we shall all live in a world without bullies. No one to intimidate us, no one to tell us what to do and how to do it, but to lead our own lives in confidence, and being able to walk strong-mindedly through streets at night without feeling scared or threatened by others, will continue to be a dream.

Anne Frank - Short Essay Essay Example for Free

Anne Frank Short establish EssayThe session that I attended at The Anne Frank Project on September 11, 2009 was beyond the Diary Behind the scenes of a Jewish Family in Hiding with Sophia Veffer. Even though I chicaneledgeable some things about the final solution during middle school, there still were things that I did not know. The reason why I attended this session is because I wanted to know how some of the Jews were able to survive the Holocaust and I also wanted to know what Sophias experience was like actually being a child during the Holocaust. This session connected to the overall theme of the conference because Sophia talked about what she and Anne Frank both had to go through and how some people in different countries still go through similar mountuations. at once there are still people who make out treated differently because of what they look lie or where they come from. Sophia said that if Anne Frank were still alive she would probably try to make a dispute by putting an end to these genocides.I was very glad that I got a chance to sit in Sophias session because I got to learn about the Holocaust from an actual survivor. She told us how her and her family had football team different hiding places. I couldnt even imagine what her childhood must have been like. She had to get rid of everything she owned even her identity. She also talked about how some Jews were not able to go in hiding and the reason was is they had to have money. The only families that went into hiding had money and they knew non Jewish people who would let them felled seam in their homes.One thing that really upset me is when Sophia said that the Germens pretended as if they did not know what was going away on with the Jews. This really made me sad because how could you know that someone is doing wrong and not business organization to try to change it and make a deviance? There are many different issues going on in the world today. One global issue that is of concern to me is homelessness. Every time I see a person out on the street I always think to myself their habilitate can fit my feet.I do not mind helping others because after I do a good deed I always feel really good about myself and null can take that feeling away. This issue inspires me to try 2 make a small difference by giving them change or bringing them food. One day when me and my sister were driving up the street we saw rack up homeless people and their sign said that they were hungry so we went to Mcdonalds and brought them sum burgers. Making a difference starts with a small deed then before you know it your changing the world.

Chainsaw Al Dunlap Essay Example for Free

Chain maxim Al Dunlap Es ordinatel Chainsaw Al Dunlap A New Breed of Manager? West Point graduate Albert J. Dunlap, spring chairman and CEO of Scott Paper Company, claims that the U.S. Military Academy made him tenacious and very organized. Others say his experience gave him an inyour-face attitude rare among executives and made him a valuable choosed gun for straightening out disruptive companies. Dunlap is known to attack and challenge nearly every premise and person that gets in his sight. Those who interfere with his efforts usually get chewed up by the experience. Scott Paper is a familiar brand name to the American consumer. Founded by Clarence and Irvin Scott in 1879, the go with eventually became the worlds largest supplier of toilet tissue, paper napkins, and paper towels. As it matured, however, Scotts pro failability suffered and egression stagnated when rival Procter Gamble took an increasing market share. Between 1960 and 1971, Scotts market share of consumer paper products dropped from 45 to 33 share. In the period 1990 to 1994, Scott continued to lose market share, and in 1993, the company lost $277 million and saw its credit rating deteriorate.By 1994, Scott Paper was a moribund bureaucracy. In hiring Al Dunlap, Scotts board of film directors signaled its function to take decisive action. Dunlap initiated changes that would eliminate 11,000 employees (71 percent of headquarters staff, 50 percent of all managers, and 20 percent of hourly workers). He sold off unrelated business units including publishing papermaker S.D. Warren Company, for $1.6 b8llion and slashed spending the research and development budget alone was cut in half, to $35 million. Not surprisingly, Dunlaps cost cuts and increase prices achieved immediate bottom-line results. The companys profitab8iliyy soared, as did the market value of its argumentation, which rose 225 percent under Dunlaps leadership.Dunlap claimed that by launching new(a) products and sellin g unprofitable ventures, he had positioned Scott Paper for long-term positive returns for investors. Critics disagreed, seeing Dunlaps moves as constituting a short-run strategy to groom the company for a merger. In the words of one former marketing executive, Dunlaps strategy became a volume-driven plan to pretty up the place for sale. In fact, on December 12, 1995 , Scott shareholders sanctioned a $9.4 billion merger with Kimberly-Clark Corporation. As for Al Dunlap, he enjoys his chainsaw reputation and believes that his approach is lot to change the norms of corporate behavior. However, according to Peter D. Cappelli, chairman of the management department at the Wharton Business schooltime , He is persuading others that shareholder value is the be-all and end-all. But Dunlap didnt create value. He redistributed income from the employees and the community to the shareholders. Nevertheless, the cuts continue.Kimberly-Clark plans to remove 8,000 workers from the unite companies 60,000 workforce by 1997 and to close Scotts headquarters in Boca Raton , Florida . One former high-level Scott executive believes that the company is now just a hollow core. Meanwhile Dunlap walked away with $100 million in salary, bonus, stock gains, and other perks. He offers no apologies for his approach Im not going to apologize for successfor all this, for stark work. Thats the freemarket system. Dunlap does not believe that a business should be run for the stakeholders, such as employees or the communities in which they live, but for the shareholders-period. Stakeholders are total rubbish, according to Dunlap. Its the shareholders who own the company. Not enough American executives care to the highest degree the shareholders.The real question is whether short-term stockholder gains are good for business down the road. Says Sarah Teslik, executive director of the Council of Institutional Investors in Washington, a watchdog group for big shareholders Dunlap holds himself up as a enjoyment model, but any company is apt to have significant stock runup if current cost are reduced by a huge amount. Thats no guarantee Scott will do wellhead in the future. On the other hand, well-nigh analysts contend that Dunlap has changed corporate America for the better. In a financial World magazine poll, for example, CEOs voted he is now a high-profile business leader who will be sought-after(a) out by the boards of other troubled companies to enhance shareholder value. It remains to be seen, however, what impact the short-term and long-term consequences of Al Dunlaps management theory will have on corporate America and the American workforce.Questions Describe Al Dunlaps management approach. Does it fit any of the classical or modern approaches? Explain. How does it contradict some points in these approaches? Delineate the good points and bad points of a massive downsizing effort such as that undertaken at Scott Paper as if you were a stakeholder, and then, as if you were a shareholder. Are your two lists different? Explain. What factors were the keys to change magnitude productivity at Scott Paper? How was Dunlap responsible for the companys turnaround? Describe the kind of company that might hire Dunlap next. What goals might its board of directors have? What problems might the company face? What companies in the news today fit your description?