'Syria Conflict\r'

'Introduction The Syrian Arab country is an Arab rude in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the North, Iraq to the East, Jordan to the South, and Israel to the Southwest. In evidence 2011, the Syria conflict has begun delinquent(p) to divers(a) reasons and is mollify going on today. This outbreak is one of the key factors which resulted the Arab Spring (Arab Uprising). Arab Spring refers to the egalitarian rises that arose free-livingly and send across the Arab terra firma in 2011.The jib originated in Tunisia in December 2010 and pronto overlyk hold in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. In these countries, the citizens intiatied the protests as the command families apply been keeping the effect for too grand (Arab Spring, 2012). In Syria, the conflict goes up to its peak as the transformation against the ascertain of Syria death chair Bashar Al-Assad’s (Mr Assad). consort to th e modish report of the Human Right Organization, much than 36,000 plurality were killight-emitting diode in this complaisant put for contendd of fight (Khera, 2012).In this essay, the roots of the conflict will be traced and analysed using the International relation (IR) theories. literary works Re arrest A literature refreshen has been conducted to investigate the causes of the conflict by applying IR theories. The traditional core of IR relates to issues concerning the phylogenesis and change of sovereign tellhood, in the consideration of the larger clay or high society of tell. In customary, in that location argon quaternary (4) study theoretical traditions in IR and will be covered as part of the study scope: • reality; •Liberalism; International Society; and •International political deliverance (IPE). reality Several general realist ideas and assumptions were discussed (Jackson, 2010). These be related to protestent aspects much(pren ominal) as pessimistic put one across of kind nature; outside(a) conflicts that are finally resolved by war, high forecast for the values of national security and state survival and basic scepticism that on that point flush toilet be progress in international politics that is comparable to that in domestic political life. In summary, with realist, states are the just about important factor. altogether states tend to take self-interested and their primary concern is survival (Wikipedia). Liberalism The opposite theory is Liberalism, which started by John Locke in the seventeenth (17th) century. He believed that as the victimisation of technologies and plenty nookyister master the nature, thither are great potential that flock could flourish in states that guaranteed individual liberty. Liberals, differ from realist, take a positive view of human nature. And for them, conflict and war are avoidable.According to John Locke, the core concern of Liberalism is the pleasu re and contentment of individual human beings. A dry land is in a state of liberalism when a citizen within that country can live their lives and pursue their happiness without opposite tidy sum interference. (Jackson, 2010) There is a major struggle in the midst of idealist Liberalism and pessimist realness. A main point in this controversy is concerned about â€Å"human nature”, as Liberalism takes a positive view of human nature epoch Realism holds a contradict view. (Jackson, 2010) (Arab Spring, 21) International SocietyUnlike Realism and Liberalism International Society is one of guileless IR approach which tries to avoid the relentless choice mingled with state self-confidence and conflict and human goodwill and cooperation. or else of adopting the classical Realist pessimistic view or classical Liberalism optimistic view, it occupies a fleck between those two and develops that into a affiliate IR approach. (Jackson, 2010) International Political thrift International Political Economy (IPE) is the debate where they claimed that there is a link between politics and sparings as rise as the nature and extent of economic globalization.IPE is ultimately concerned with the ways in which political forces (states, institutions, individual actors, etc. ) anatomy the systems by dint of which economic inter bodily functions are expressed, and conversely the effect that economic interactions (including the power of incorpo valuated markets and individuals acting both within and out of admissions them) engage upon political structures and outcomes. (Jackson, 2010) Syrian Confliction round The first protest erupted on swear out 2011 in Deraa after the arrest and wring of some teenagers who were painted with revolutionary slogans on a school wall.In order to draw away the un restrainlable chaotic item, minimum array forces were suitably in move into to denigrate the protest through the use of checkpoint track blocks. As the p rotest occurd and spread widely over the country the citizens demanded for the electric chair Bashar Al-Assad’s resignation. By July 2011 hundreds of thousand deal taking to streets, town and cities across the countries such as Alepo, Hama, Homs and Deraa (BBC, 2012). As the act of protest has become uncontrollable, the establishment applied the host forces to crush the dissent and sending tanks to Deraa in late March 2011.Rockets and mortars were also apply to hit the rebel stronghold (See appurtenance 1. 1 †Homs Feb 2012). After a calendar month of bombardment, the rebels retreated with an figure of more than 700 pot were killed. People within the country have to flee to neighboring countries such as Turkey up to several months. According to the statistics recorded by the United Nations refugee bureau, there are more than 200,000 Syrians who have registered with the agency fled to Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq and Turkey. There was also an unofficial estimate of the refugees which puts the chassis much higher and those figures are expected to rise.The Government in Jordan as well as some otherwise countries permitted the quench of Syrians within the countries, provided with minimum necessities and protection such as food and security guards. All the refugees were instructed to assemble in one popular area, allowing the government to take care and control the crowds easily. In this Syria crisis, add of bomb blasts took place in different cities. Many slew were killed in the civil war delinquent to the bomb strikes. Apart from causing deaths nigh of the facilities in the cities were destroyed.The war has deniably resulted various negative implications to Syria in terms of wad, environment and asset. The Syrian government has put the blame of these activities to the terrorists which conjugate to the al-Qeada as well as a shadowy group called al-Nusa Front. The al-Nusa Front has give tongue to to be one who controlled and manipulated al l the attacks and shelling activities. Based on the latest figures provided by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the number of deaths report has been increased to 21067 and 5980 the great unwashed were killed due to the security forces.Therefore the United Nations has charged the Syrian government and security forces for the violation of international humanitarian law. A peace contrive was suggested and conducted by the UN envoy, Kofi Annan and the negotiation mission started in April 2012. However as violence escalated, Mr. Annan resigned and withrew from the country. At the comparable time Mr. Assad still shows no sign of leaving his power and there seems to be no end to the crisis. take after down the root of the paradox. As mentioned in the previous divisions, the outbreak of the civil war has brought many negative implications to the country.There appears to have no solution for the civil war. Thus various researches were conducted to investiga te and analyse the causes of the problem. In most recent research, Manfreda has pointed critical points which has led to the Syrian uprising (Manfreda, 2012): •Political Repression; •Unstable Economy; •Media influence; and •Fear of state power. The political repression is one of the main reasons which causes the outbreak of Syrian war. Since 1950s, there was not any pacific stir of power, as the change appears to find through a military coup detat or an uprising (Manfreda, 2012).For casing as soon as the President Bashar al-Assad has contractable the power in 2000, he quickly rushed into the handle of reformation while the power remains concentrated in the govern family. Besides political repression, the unstability of parsimony in Syria is believed to be one of the causes which led to the uprising. The economy in Syria has become unsustainable due to the quick expansion of the population. At evince the population in Syria is estimated to be 20 mill ion, with an average growth rate of 2. 4 percents. Based on the statistical review article this figure stays among one of the orbit’s highest growth rate.A Syrian economist, thrive Sukkar has agreed that Syria is currently having a problem with the oversizing of population. It is difficult for the government to sustain the citizens by providing ample welfares and healthcares. The unemployment rate has increased because the government is not able to create sufficient job opportunities to the people. An official figure was reported by the governmnet stating that the unemployment rate is estimated to be 10 percents. However with the combination of other independent estimates the rate of unemployment is believed to be approximately 25 percents.In addition, the natural disaster such as persistent drought struck north-eastern of Syria. This has caused a severe devastation to the farming communities and bear upon more than a million of people since 2008. Due to the negligence o f the government, thousands of farmer families were standed from poverty. These people from the farming communities have vented their angers and frustrations through participation of the protest activities. Furthermore due to the cautious reform of the remnants of socialism, it opened the door to private investment which in circle triggered an explosion of consumerism among the urban upper-middle classes.However, privatization has favored families with ain links to Assad, which made the jobs remained scarce for people within the country (Manfreda, 2012). Apart from that the sense was raised by different message of media. The advancement in technology has candid the people to the world issues throguh various approaches for instance internet. Previously the government tried to desist the youths from exposing to more information by throttle the means of media. However the attempt was failed since the state media is no longer the main bridle-path to the citizens.The use of the new media is critical to the activist networks that underpin the uprising in Syria (Manfreda, 2012). Although the apprehension of state of the citizens has existed for a truly long time since the govern of Assad family, the brutal responses to the people in the peaceful protest in Spring 2011 has outraged the people. As a result of the snowball effect, more citizens fall in the protest. Additionally, many Syrians resent the fact that so much power is monopolised by the Alawi families, a Shiite religious minority to which the Assad family belong.Although this is not considered as the driving force of the uprising in Syria, the combination of a majority Sunni pretest strawman and an Alawi-dominated military has added to the tension in conscientiously mixed areas, such as city of Homs (Manfreda, 2012). Analysis the problem using IR theoretical. The causes led to the outbreak of the Syrian war were discussed in the former section. In this section the problems will be analysed us ing the IR theory. Irrefutably, the brutal and aggressive way of ruling in Syria by Assad family triggered the anger of the people in the country.The Realism theory can be accounted for the approach espouse by the Assad family in ruling the country. As state in the Realism theory, as a human character, people ever so require to be in driver’s seat. Thucydides (1972:406) also stated that the standard of arbitrator depends on the equality to compel and that in act the strong do what they have to power to do and the worn out subscribe what they have to accept Also, Machiavelli (1984:66) indicated the main tariff of the normal is always to seek the advantages and to carry the interests of their state and consequently ensure the survival.In this , President Bashar Al-Assad’s ways of ruling the country is comprehensible, as he wants to accept the country to the new path of development, which can assure the country state and position amongst the Arab countries ( Robert, 2010). However, these action moves created a massive conflict between the citizens and Assad family as the security of the citizens is being abused. This has directly caused he citizens losing their senses of security with the ruling family and wherefore the rebellion arose.According to Thomas Hobbes , he believes that monarch butterfly states are the principal factor in international system. States are inherently always obsessed with security which might lead to â€Å"security dilemima” whereby increasing one’s security power can lend along even greater instability as an opposing power builds up its own arms in response. Since ruling Syria, the Assad family had built up a very strong security power through various means such as developing the massive destruction weapons.This has so intimidated the safety of the neighbouring Arab countie and it is now understandable why certain countries such as Turkey and Isarel supported the rebel by providing armors and weapons for the people to go against the government. At the same time, Mr. Assad was assisted by Russia with the supply of weapons to continue fighting in the war. Therefore the view has gone worse due to the supports from other countries in the war. With Liberalism theory, liberals believe that monopoly in power must be avoided.With the Republican liberalism theory, it is believed that democary states do not go against each other as they share the same virtuous values, and to their mutually benifical tie of economic cooperation and interdependence. However, for the Arab countries in general and Syria in specific, the monarchy system has been adopted by these countries over the centuries. Based on the findings in the previous section, it was identified that there is no peaceful power transfer in Syria since 1970. The prolonged imbalanced situation has resulted in the rise of the awareness among the citizens.Besides the issues of riches and porverty mentioned by IPE are critical in the world of politic. Violent conflicts nowadays can even take place at bottom the states due to the unstable economy, especially the weak states where the conflict can be bonded up with the development and underdevelopment. Since 1970, the Assad family has been tightly manipulated the economy. All the privileges of ecocomy went to the family and thus creating an imbalanced condition between the ruler and citizens. In addition, due to the overgrowth of population, there were no adequate job opportunities provided by the government to the citizens.As a result the unemployment rate has increased causing the people to suffer from poverty. Conclusion In a nutshell, the revolution in Syria is inevitable due to the number of reasons such as the adoption of monarchy system and unstability of economy. It is believed that the only way to terminate the civil war is through the assistance of impertinent forces to suppress the furious citizens and introduce a fair and transparent political process for the selection of new ruler in the country for instance through the adoptation of democracy system.Bibliography Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Realism (international relations). Retrieved 11 17, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Realism_(international_relations) Arab Spring. (2012, 09 21). Retrieved 11 20, 2012, from Sourcewatch: http://www. sourcewatch. org/index. php? human action=Arab_Spring BBC. (2012, 08 30). Syria: The story of the conflict. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC intelligence service: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middle-east-19331551 Jackson, R. (2010). Introduction to International relations Throries and approaches.Oxford University Press. Khera, J. (2012, 05 29). Syria crisis: computation the victims. Retrieved 11 04, 2012, from BBC News: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-middle-east-18093967 Manfreda, P. (2012). Syrian Uprising : Top ten reasons for the uprising in Syria. Retrieved 11 5, 2012, from middleeast. about. com: http://middleeast. abo ut. com/od/syria/tp/Syrian-Uprising. htm Robert, G. (2010). Realism. In Introduction to International Relations (pp. 59-94). Oxfords: Oxfords Univerity Press.\r\n'